, 1895–1934, Nicaraguan revolutionary general. Click the link for more information., and Augusto C. A tenant farmer, he occupied a social position between the peon and the ranchero, but he was a born leader who felt keenly the injustices suffered by his people. Zapata was of almost pure native descent. Click the link for more information., Emiliano Zapata Zapata, Emiliano When Villa came of age, he declared his freedom from the peonage of his parents and became notorious as a bandit in Chihuahua and Durango.
, c.1877–1923, Mexican revolutionary, nicknamed Pancho Villa. Notable among early 20th-century Latin American guerrillas are Francisco (Pancho) Villa Villa, Francisco There has been frequent guerrilla warfare in Latin America. Click the link for more information., and Moro bands. In the insurrection against Spain in 1896 he took command, and by terms of the peace that ended it he went into exile at Hong Kong (1897). Army conducted a long campaign against Filipino guerrillas, such as Emilio Aguinaldo Aguinaldo, Emilio In the Philippines after the Spanish-American War, the U.S. Click the link for more information. ordered the shooting of all prisoners not fully uniformed and led by regular officers. Following his graduation from the Royal Military Academy of Denmark, he entered the Danish service, but resigned his commission in 1822 to join the Prussian army. During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71) the Germans suffered so much from French partisans, or francs-tireurs, that Field Marshall von Moltke Moltke, Helmuth Karl Bernhard, Graf von,ġ800–1891, Prussian field marshal. Click the link for more information., in Virginia, was undoubtedly the most effective. Mosby served brilliantly in the cavalry under J. He was practicing law in Bristol, Va., when the Civil War broke out. , 1833–1916, Confederate partisan leader in the American Civil War, b. Click the link for more information., who operated in Missouri and Kansas, was the most notorious of the Confederate guerrilla leaders, but John S.
He was given the rank of captain in the Confederate army. In the Civil War his band of guerrillas was active in Missouri and Kansas. , 1837–65, Confederate guerrilla leader, b. From Spain the use of the term spread to Latin America and then to the United States.ĭuring the U.S. The son of Carlo and Letizia Bonaparte (or Buonaparte see under Bonaparte, family), young Napoleon was sent (1779) to French military schools at Ajaccio, Corsica, known as "the Little Corporal." Early Life The term guerrilla itself was coined during the Peninsular War (1808–14), when Spanish partisans, under such leaders as Francisco Mina, proved unconquerable even by the armies of Napoleon I Napoleon I Click the link for more information. has been called the great contribution of the American Revolution to the development of warfare. He served with Edward Braddock (1755) and John Forbes (1758) in their expeditions against Fort Duquesne in the French and Indian War, and later he fought against the Cherokee. Click the link for more information., and Thomas Sumter Sumter, Thomas,ġ734–1832, American Revolutionary officer, b. He moved (1752) to South Carolina and took part (1761) in frontier warfare against the Cherokee. Click the link for more information., Andrew Pickens Pickens, Andrew,ġ739–1817, American Revolutionary soldier, b. He was a planter and Indian fighter before joining (1775) William Moultrie's regiment at the start of the American Revolution. , c.1732–1795, American Revolutionary soldier, known as the Swamp Fox, b. Large-scale guerrilla fighting accompanied the American Revolution, and the development of guerrilla tactics under such partisan leaders as Francis Marion Marion, Francis
History In the American Revolution and the Nineteenth Century Guerrilla warfare, also known as unconventional, irregular, or asymmetric warfare, has played a significant role in modern history, especially when waged by Communist insurgencies in Southeast Asia and elsewhere. The tactics of guerrilla warfare stress deception and ambush, as opposed to mass confrontation, and succeed best in an irregular, rugged, terrain and with a sympathetic populace, whom guerrillas often seek to win over by propaganda, reform, and terrorism. When guerrillas obey the laws of conventional warfare they are entitled, if captured, to be treated as ordinary prisoners of war however, they are often executed by their captors. Guerrilla warfare (gərĭl`ə), fighting by groups of irregular troops (guerrillas) within areas occupied by the enemy.
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